Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Is Anencephaly A Congenital Neurological Disorder

Anencephaly is a congenital neurological disorder characterized by absence of the cerebrum and cerebellum, as well as the top of the skull, resulting in exposure of the brain stem. Even though the brain stem is exposed this does not mean that the babies brain or head is completely missing. This is considered one of the more serious birth defects that a baby can have because they baby will never have the brain power to grow and become an adult. Many of these babies are exposed to various infections and will only live up to one week even though some have lived up to one year at the most. Anencephalics are seen as a huge source of organ donation because they are not damaged like other babies such as babies who have been abused or babies that have been in car accidents. Many of these babies that need the organs of anencephalics are usually the ones who have heart defects. Parents such as Laura Campo heard about this type of donor possibility when she was pregnant at twenty four weeks and found out about her child being anencephalic there was no way for her to abort the baby because she was too far along. This resulted in Laura Campo going to the Florida District Court but since Laura’s baby girl who she named Theresa, by Harvard Law was not brain dead they were not allowed to use her organs for donation. The judge Estella Moriarty was begged by the family to pronounce her brain dead so they could save another child’s life but instead Theresa’s organs began to fail. Once herShow MoreRelated Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesThey are born with a compilation of disorders that affect their life and the lives of people whom they come in contact with. Many of these children end up in foster care being shuttled back and forth between families, due to behavioral and physical problems, some of which are;  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deficiency in growth  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Patterns of malformation affecting the face, heart and urinary tract  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Central nervous system dysfunction  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mental retardation  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neurological deficits (poor motor skills and hand-eyeRead MoreJohn Locke s Second Treatise Of Government1322 Words   |  6 Pagesdangerous despite clear scientific evidence to the contrary. Studies confirm that exposure to neonicotinoids leads to neurological impacts, including memory loss, finger tremors, and anencephaly. In women, an accumulation of the poison affects the neonatal development of children by increasing the risk of congenital heart defects, neural tube defects, and autism spectrum disorder (Cimino, Boyles, et al., 12). Furthermore, under Mr. Pruitt, the EPA recently rescinded an Obama-era moratorium on chlorpyrifosRead MoreDowns Syndrome2779 Words   |  12 Pagescondition involving an extra chromosome, this change occurs around the time of conception. A person with Downs syndrome has forty-seven chromosomes instead of the usual forty-six. A relatively common genetic disorder, Downs strikes 1 out of 600 babies. In 95 percent of all cases, the disorder originates with the egg, not the sperm, and the only known risk factor is advanced maternal age-at age 35, a woman has 1 chance in 117 of having a baby with Downs; at 40, her odds are 1 in 34. (Graves, 1990)Read More Downs Syndrome Essay2694 Words   |  11 Pagescondition involving an extra chromosome, this change occurs around the time of conception. A person with Downs syndrome has forty-seven chromosomes instead of the usual forty-six. A relatively common genetic disorder, Downs strikes 1 out of 600 babies. In 95 percent of all cases, the disorder originates with the egg, not the sperm, and the only known risk factor is advanced maternal age-at age 35, a woman has 1 chance in 117 of having a baby with Downs; at 40, her odds are 1 in 34. (Graves, 1990)

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

The Outbreak Of The American Revolution - 952 Words

There are quite a few historical factors that contributed to the outbreak of the American Revolution. The American Revolution began in the mid 1700’s and ended in the late 1700’s and took place in the thirteen American colonies. It was all caused by many different wars and conflicts between the British and the American Colonists. There were many contributions to the outbreak such as, the Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, the French and Indian War, the Battle of Bunker Hill and many other conflictions. All of these fights and protests greatly contributed to the outbreak of the American Revolution in their own way. First, the French and Indian War took place in 1754 and continued through 1763. The French and Indian War is also known as The Seven years War and ended with The Treaty of Paris in 1763. This war was the first world war that had ever taken place. It took place mostly in Europe, but also took place in America, South America, Asia, India, etc.. One of the major ways that this war contributed to the American Revolution was because of the Stamp Act. The Stamp Act contributed because it caused major conflict between Britain and the colonists. The war was so expensive and because Britain became in debt due to the war they decided to raise revenue by taxing the colonists by stamps which would be called the Stamp Act. This caused many violent protests and even some violent rioting from the colonists. Some colonists even burned down the governor’s house and brutallyShow MoreRelatedThe Second American Revolution: Expressions of Canadian Identity in News Coverage at the Outbreak of the United States Civil War1216 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Second Revolution†: Expressions of Canadian Identity in News Coverage at the Outbreak of the United States Civil War. Gabrial’s article is about how the Canadian identity was challenged by the American Civil War. In particular, he argues that Canadian identity is significant in five impo rtant themes: the importance of British identity, antipathy toward Americanism and suspicion of American democracy, a well-grounded fear of American militarism, a patronizing sympathy for Americans in crisis andRead MoreOut Break of the American Revolution1076 Words   |  5 PagesOutbreak of the American Revolution 2 The connection between Britain and the English colonies was that of the ruling of the colonies by the king of Britain, King George III and his parliament. The king’s ruling was very unfavorable for the colonists because of his tyrannic dictatorship and unjustly taxations. The mere thought of an island ruling an entire continent thousands of miles away with poor communication and lack of supervision of the colonies by the king, did not work in favor of theRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words   |  4 PagesBetween 1770 and 1776, resistance to imperial change turned into a full-on revolution. The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a time of revolting and political uprising, in which the 13 colonies separated from the British Empire, forming the independent nation known as the United States of America. Though the American Revolution began because the colonies wanted independence from Britain, many important historical events and revolts also lead to the tensions and resistanceRead MoreRole of Ideas in the French and Russian Revolutions1432 Words   |  6 PagesWord Count: 1511 How important was the role of ideas in the outbreak of revolution? When comparing the French Revolution of 1789 and Russian October Revolution of 1917, a series of parallels become evident. Both revolutionary groups became determined with an extensive emergence of new ideas, which captured a strong majority of the respective populations. The importance of the ideas was critical to maintaining a drive for the revolutions considering they acted as a manifestation of what the publicRead MoreWhat Caused The French Revolution?917 Words   |  4 PagesWhat caused the French Revolution? Many things contributed to it evolving. But only three were the most important. The influence dates back all the way to the Age of Enlightenment, the ideas definitely had an effect on the French citizens. The American Revolution ties with the Enlightenment as well. The political inequality of the three estates played a huge part in the disruption. In addition to that, the Economic inequality also influenced France. The French Revolution is a big and memorable partRead More Iran And The Iranian Revolution1227 Words   |  5 Pagessituation was a contributing factor in the outbreak of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, it was the growing Western influence in Islamic culture that was the main cause for the revolution. The Iranian/Islamic Revolution refers to the events involving the deposing of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi and pro-American government, and the replacement with an anti-Western authoritarian theocracy under the leader of the revolution, the Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The revolution was mainly supported by various leftistRead MoreThe American Revolutionary War Essay517 Words   |  3 PagesThe American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War in the United States, was the prosperous military revolt against Great Britain of Thirteen American Colonies which joined together as the United States of America in July 1776. Originally constrained to fighting in those colonies, after 17 78 it additionally became a world war between Britain and France, Netherlands, Spain, and Mysore. The war had its inchoations in the resistance of manyRead MoreEssay on Causes of the American Revolution548 Words   |  3 PagesThe American Revolution was a dramatic change in the political, social, and economic system of New England. It was not a bloody revolution; on the contrary it is unique because it was not as violence as other revolutions we know (French, Russia and China). The American Revolution had many causes. Long-term social, economic, and political changes in the colonies before 1750 provided the basis for an independent nation with representative political institutions. More immediately, the French andRead MoreIrish Homeland and the Government873 Words   |  3 Pages but still chafing under this rule and agitating for independence or for governmental and social reform in a variety of areas (Ferriter, n.d.). With a concession for home rule made by the British in 1912 but actual implementation halted with the outbreak of the First World War, Ireland was in a position of uncertainty, with more jobs because of the war but with less optimism for the future in many ways (Ferriter, n.d.). Still not really seen as a land of many opportunities, immigrants from IrelandRead MoreThe American Renaissance Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesIn America, the American Renaissance was the period in 1835-1880 in which United States literature came of age as an expre ssion of a national spirit. Literature became one of the most historically significant effects that occurred throughout the time period of the American Renaissance. The American Renaissance is also characterized by renewed national self-confidence new ideas and technologies. Politically and economically, this era coincides with the Gilded Age and the New Imperialism. By the end

Monday, December 9, 2019

German Expressionist films Essay Example For Students

German Expressionist films Essay Another issue that is also highly poignant in many German Expressionist films, although perhaps not in a clear, obvious way, is that of sexuality. Nosferatu is an example of this, contrasting Ellens conventional and perhaps boring relationship with Hutter to Orlocks dark, sexual power over her. However, the film seems to project the message that Nosferatu stands for raw carnal desire which must be kept in check in the interest of higher spiritual values (Elsaesser, 2001). This is a similar example to that of authority sexuality is a power that can be used for evil, and therefore should be eliminated. The use of phallic symbolism within the film should also be noted towards this; Orlocks castle, for example, is topped by a phallic pointed tower, and at the end when Orlock is defeated, his castle, and the representation of his sexuality, crumbles. A characteristic that is used in many German films of the period, and was highly influential of future film genre and style, is that of chiaroscuro lighting the use of light and shadow. Kurtz (n. d), cited by Kraucauer (1947, p. 75) states that this can be traced as being influenced by expressionist theatre practitioner Max Reinhardt, in the play The Beggar (Der Bettler), where he used imaginary settings created by lighting effects. As said by Klinge Klinge (1983), early German films often used shadows as a substitute for people or objects, to create more dramatic emphasis, using the fear of the unknown to make them more obscure and menacing. This can be seen in Nosferatu multiple times, one particularly famous and influential scene being when Orlock ascends the stairs to Ellens room his dark shadow against the white wall is menacing and dramatic, obscuring much of the white wall, a colour associated with purity, which could be said when going back to the films dealing with ideas of sexuality to show the wider idea in the film of the corruption of innocence. The chiaroscuro lighting device is most commonly seen after the German Expressionist movement in the film noir genre, the films of which use the style or lighting to complement the mystery and intrigue of thriller and detective based storylines. Many of the noir films used techniques popular in German Expressionist films however, to give one example in particular, The Third Man (Reed, 1949). Set in a post-war Vienna, it bears similarity to the background for the German Expressionist movement, with a feeling of confusion and displacement in society. The use of distorted camera angles and expressionist lighting, similar to films such as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, capture the feelings of distress felt by the characters, in turn a representation of society. In one scene, Harry Lime, played by Orson Welles, is hidden in the shadows. His character is one that is morally ambiguous, and the use of shadow to hide him is similar to that of how it is used to represent negative characters, such as Cesare in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. Other examples of films that fall into the noir genre are Double Indemnity (Wilder, 1944) and Mildred Pierce (Curtiz, 1945), both of which use the chiaroscuro style of lighting. The noir films also link with to Expressionist cinema thematically, with the protagonists mental or moral state questioned in many of these films. As in German Expressionist films, the stories in film noir are often told from the point of view of the protagonist, a technique used in Expressionist theatre (Klinge Klinge, 1983) and emulated by the Expressionist film movement. .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .postImageUrl , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:hover , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:visited , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:active { border:0!important; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:active , .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142 .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u79cd41f1213e370d11a713461ab55142:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Emergence of Colour EssayA film can always reveal something about the views in the period it was made in, and German Expressionist cinema is a prime example of this its disjointed, dramatic visual style and dark themes give an impression of a society that felt confused and oppressed. Throughout this exploration of the movement, it can be seen that the techniques used by filmmakers at the time had a large impact on many films made subsequently, right up until the present day, such as the aforementioned The Third Man and the film noir genre, and the work of Tim Burton. Although the progression of technology, first sound, and then colour, means that the way these films appear are different in many ways to German Expressionist films, aspects of the movement can definitely be seen in contemporary filmmaking techniques, showing that despite the movement only being at its peak for around a decade, the films and the techniques used within them have left a lasting impression on cinema. Bibliography Burton, T.(Director). (1992).Batman Returns . Burton, T. (Director). (1999). Sleepy Hollow . Curtiz, M. (Director). (1945). Mildred Pierce . Elsaesser, T. (2001). Six Degrees of Nosferatu. Retrieved January 14, 2009, from BFI Sight And Sound: http://www. bfi. org. uk/sightandsound/feature/92 Klinge, P. , Klinge, S. (1983). Evolution of Film Styles. USA: University Press of America. Kraucauer, S. (1947). From Caligari to Hitler: A psychological study of the German film. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Lang, F. (Director). (1926). Metropolis . Murnau, F. (Director). (1922). Nosferatu . Reed, C. (Director). (1949). The Third Man . Wiene, R. (Director). (1920). The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari . Wilder, B. (Director). (1944). Double Indemnity .

Sunday, December 1, 2019

SOLAR ENERGY -- THE ENERGY OF THE FUTURE About 47 Per Cent Of The Ene

SOLAR ENERGY -- THE ENERGY OF THE FUTURE? About 47 per cent of the energy that the sun releases to the earth actually reaches the ground. About a third is reflected directly back into space by the atmosphere. The time in which solar energy is available, is also the time we least need it least - daytime. Because the sun's energy cannot be stored for use another time, we need to convert the suns energy into an energy that can be stored. One possible method of storing solar energy is by heating water that can be insulated. The water is heated by passing it through hollow panels. Black-coated steal plates are used because dark colours absorb heat more efficiently. However this method only supplies enough energy for activities such as washing and bathing. The solar panels generate "low grade" heat, that is, they generate low temperatures for the amount of heat needed in a day. In order to generate "high grade" heat, intense enough to convert water into high-pressure stea m which can then be used to turn electric generators there must be another method. The concentrated beams of sunlight are collected in a device called a solar furnace, which acts on the same principles as a large magnifying glass. The solar furnace takes the sunlight from a large area and by the use of lenses and mirrors can focus the light into a very small area. Very elaborate solar furnaces have machines that angle the mirrors and lenses to the sun all day. This system can provide sizeable amounts of electricity and create extremely high temperatures of over 6000 degrees Fahrenheit. Solar energy generators are very clean, little waste is emitted from the generators into the environment. The use of coal, oil and gasoline is a constant drain, economically and environmentally. Will solar energy be the wave of the future? Could the worlds requirement of energy be fulfilled by the "powerhouse" of our galaxy - the sun? Automobiles in the future will probabl y run on solar energy, and houses will have solar heaters.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

William Shakespeare Essays - Kings Men, William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare Essays - Kings Men, William Shakespeare William Shakespeare William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in the Hole Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire on April 23, 1564. He was the first son and third child of John Shakespeare, a leather tanner and a maker of gloves, and Mary Arden Shakespeare. Williams parents were married around 1558 and had a total of eight children, three of which died in childhood. Williams family had been living in the area of Warwickshire for many years and was respected. Williams father was at one time prosperous and elected to municipal offices. He was a member of the Stratford council in 1557 and appointed mayor in 1568. John was not without fault, though, and four times from 1570 to 1572 he faced prosecution for money lending and illegally buying wool. He fell into hard times financially and stopped buying property, went into dept, and even mortgaged part of his wifes inheritance. Despite financial difficulties in the family, the boy Williams education was not neglected, and he went to the local school in Stratford. Some scholars questions whether a single could have written all the great literature attributes to Shakespeare, citing his schooling as proof that he was poorly educated, but their assumption is probable false. ( ) The teachers in school the William had attended had degrees from Oxford, and the education that the boy received was likely very good. Exactly what young William did after his years of schooling is not really clear, but we do know that during the winter of 1582, at the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, the eldest daughter of Richard Hathaway. She was 26, much older than her teenage husband, and pregnant by him. BURNS2 The church announcement of the marriage was waived on November 28, 1582 and less than six months later their first child, Susanna, was baptized in Stratford church on May 26, 1583. Early in 1585, Anne gave birth to twins: Hament, their only son (who died young), and Judith, their second daughter. With a wife and three kids to maintain, and still dependent on his father one of the London acting companies that had been touring in Stratford. Shakespeare moved to London in 1585, where he was very successful. He was an actor and a writer and even owned his own playhouse. He was very respected man there. He was the first playwright to have his formal biography written and published with his works. By 1592 William was firmly established in the big city of London. He was all ready the author of ten plays and successful enough to inspire jealous and be called an upstart crow by a fellow dramatist, Robert Greene. ( ) Between 1592-1594 all the theatres were closed by an outbreak of the plague. So during this time Shakespeare turned to poetry, writing sonnets and two long narrative poems: Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece. When the theatres reopened in 1594, Shakespeare joined the newly - formed Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was entitled to a share of the profits. We was an acting troupe under the patronage of QueenElizabeth

Saturday, November 23, 2019

7 Tactical Fixes for Syntactical Impact

7 Tactical Fixes for Syntactical Impact 7 Tactical Fixes for Syntactical Impact 7 Tactical Fixes for Syntactical Impact By Mark Nichol Writers often miss opportunities to push home a point or spotlight an interesting observation by ignoring or not attending to the effect of cadence and syntax on written communication. Such incidents are like a standup comedian placing a punch line in the middle of a joke. Here are some examples of slight adjustments of sentence construction for maximum impact: 1. â€Å"He argued that the court is hardly a legal entity, for a variety of reasons.† The point of the sentence is buried in its midsection, after which a modifier is tacked on, causing the sentence to stagger to a weak ending. Revise as follows: â€Å"He argued that the court, for a variety of reasons, is hardly a legal entity.† 2. â€Å"The Chinese were growing lettuce by the fifth century BC, where it represented good luck.† Because â€Å"the fifth century BC† could be treated grammatically as a location, the second clause could be misunderstood to refer to the time, not the place, which is furthermore only weakly implied by â€Å"the Chinese.† Strongly link the superstition to the people, rather than the country: â€Å"The Chinese, who considered lettuce a symbol of good luck, were growing it by the fifth century BC.† 3. â€Å"More than 600 schools or school districts nationwide have blocked the Web site, according to cofounder John Doe. Doe, who started the site . . .† â€Å"According to† attributions are often stronger at the head of a sentence. This revision also avoids the clumsy repetition of Doe’s name at the end of one sentence and the beginning of the next: â€Å"According to cofounder John Doe, more than 600 schools or school districts nationwide have blocked the Web site. Doe, who started the site . . .† 4. â€Å"Asquith recognized that the majority of his party wanted to steer clear of the approaching conflict- and, more to the point, a majority of his Cabinet.† Wait the majority of his party wanted to steer clear of a majority of his Cabinet? Huh? Well, that’s what it says. But that’s not what it means. Here’s what it means: â€Å"Asquith recognized that the majority of his party- and, more to the point, a majority of his Cabinet- wanted to steer clear of the approaching conflict.† So write it that way. 5. â€Å"Yo-yos were first used as deadly weapons, not as toys.† The mildly startling fact about the toy’s origins is best held back until the end of the sentence: â€Å"Yo-yos were first used not as toys, but as deadly weapons.† 6. â€Å"The model takes the social systems surrounding the alcoholic as crucial, most often the family.† The specification of the primary social system should immediately follow â€Å"the alcoholic,† the focus of the sentence, rather than being buffered and weakened by the additional phrase â€Å"as crucial†: â€Å"The model takes the social systems surrounding the alcoholic, most often the family, as crucial.† 7. â€Å"There, it’s become fashionable to hate Jews, as they are the proxies for Americans in the Middle East, some say puppets.† As the sentence is written, the last phrase seems a muttered aside, rather than a key component of the statement. Inserting it, enclosed in em dashes, in the middle of the sentence gives it the prominence it needs: â€Å"There, it’s become fashionable to hate Jews, as they are the proxies some say puppets for Americans in the Middle East.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowComma Before ButForming the Comparative of One-syllable Adjectives

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Tourism in morocco and how americans see morocco as a touristic Essay

Tourism in morocco and how americans see morocco as a touristic destination - Essay Example Notably, the same trend was visible in the case of Americans too. As Kiesnoski (2008) points out, there was a 30% rise in the number of American tourists to Morocco on an annual basis since 2008 and it seems that America has been hostile to Morocco all along. However, the situation is improving due to a number of reasons. As such, this paper seeks to critically evaluate the perceptions held by the Americans towards this country and the measures that can be implemented by Morocco in order to attract American tourists. Basically, Morocco is different from the other Middle East nations as a result of different cuisine and traditions. Morocco has the relics of Arab, French, Spanish and Portuguese traditions. As a result of these favorable conditions one can see that the nation is not as calamitous as its Middle East neighbors. Admittedly, Morocco has relatively good relations with the U.S. from the 1950s and the US Government has been working along with the Moroccan authorities to improve the lives of Moroccans. While other nations were turned upside down by citizens calling for revolution, and as the rulers of those nations retorted with military and weapon resulting in mass killings, Morocco witnessed peaceful agitations which are legally allowed and a peaceful referendum from the King offering limited monarchic power. Coskun (2011) posits to the effect that another important point is that unlike other Islamic nations which want to end the rule of monarchs, the majority of the electorate in Morocc o expressed total trust in the King. Thus, according to The Financial Times (2011) report, by adopting a constitutional monarchy like that of Spain or the UK, which is politically open and economically liberal, Morocco stands farther ahead of its Arab companions. Morocco always attracted different types of tourists due to its diversity in cultural tourism it offered. Tourists to Morocco get a chance to experience the various languages, cultures, dresses, and lifestyles

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Managing Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Managing Diversity - Essay Example The history of transport in UK can be traced back to over 4000 years ago, when man was using stone tools and making the transition from a nomadic existence, living by hunting and gathering his food, to living in settlements and developing agricultural skills. Although, history of transport is very old, only during the 1930s, a few roads were upgraded to dual carriageways as a means of relieving unemployment but it was the motorway network that started to develop in the early 1960s that were the first major additions to the road network. (Reference: Shropshire Transport) Modern day today, this industry being the 5th largest employment sector in the country and over 2.3 million people being employed, the need to upgrade the employment process and policies and match the same with the other industries has risen. This is more so important to this industry as people of diverse background and cultures have taken this as a means of employment. This is where the organizational behavior comes into picture to manage diversity and aiming at "Equality" and "Equal Opportunities" for employees. As some of the greats put it, Diversity in an organization is defined as ""Diversity within organisations is about recognising the range of differences in people and valuing people as individuals, respecting their differences and their differing needs. It is also about accommodating differences wherever possible so that an individual can play a full part in the working environment" (Daniels and Macdonald, 2005, p.1). First and foremost, it has to be recognized that an individual alone is unable to fulfil all his needs and wishes and he lacks the ability, strength and time or endurance for achieving all these single handed. Therefore, he must rely on others for help to achieve these. As several people are involved, there is a need to co-ordinate and establish a chain of mutual help. It is a plain truth and fact that in order to achieve organizational goals, all involved in the system have to accommodated and looked after with the same level of interest. Respect for individuals, irres pective of caste, creed and culture is the key. This is the basic concept of managing diversity and bringing all involved, under the same umbrella with no discrimination and giving all an equal opportunity. There are many different ways of defining "equality". When looking at equality initiatives in employment, "Equal Opportunities" has become a common label. But there are many different definitions of "Equal Opportunities". The Collins Concise Dictionary defines "inequality" as "the state or quality of being unequal; disparity" (Collins Concise Dictionary, 1989, p.639). In determining inequality, a moral judgement has to be made about whether social difference is better or worse (Vincent, 1995, p.4). The focus (of EO) is on preventing unfair discrimination, so that when two people have the

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Blondes and Brunettes Essay Example for Free

Blondes and Brunettes Essay Glorious and beautiful, Blondes and Brunettes have been in rival for the precious rigors of magnificence. Fancying into the limelight, subdue one into conspiracy against exquisiteness, musing at the same time to the countless difference that had been nurtured. Blondes propel themselves in to the height of success and perfection. Brunettes on the other hand, articulates striking uphold on developing holistically. Blondes and Brunettes adversary with one another goes beyond just beauty it is more to the glorious point of the perfection. The parties deem appropriate to necessitate mediation, to further analyze their conflict. â€Å"Mediation is a fair and efficient process to help you resolve your employment disputes and reach an agreement. A neutral mediator assists you in reaching a voluntary, negotiated agreement. † The Mediator A goddess was the preferred mediator for this practice. This Goddess is in any form fine-looking and wonderful. The Goddess made known: Parties, today between any trials and travails that might be encountered we mediate a difference of opinion and vision. Kindly put into mind that in no way I will provide a proposal and formulate obligatory actions to the issue at hand. Benevolently, there are rules to carry out: First, under the Florida Rules for Certified and Court-Appointed Mediators, Rule 10. 330(c) I shall not in any manner, neither receive nor accept a gift, favor, loan, or other item of value in this process. Any favorable fad that might be offered shall rule this course of action be brought into a halt. Second, under the Florida Rules for Certified and Court-Appointed Mediators, Rule 10. 340(b) obliges me to disclose any potential conflict of interests. Since I am the goddess, I assume an equal position on the subject for I am the Beauty and Power in all structure itself. It is in my significance to procure this arbitration to carry on with my existence. And to satisfy the conditions set by this rules, I will allow the two parties to progress toward a resolution as justified by Rule 10. 310(b) and in no means shall I have the right to interfere with such since my sole responsibility is to reduce obstacles to communication, assist in the identification of issues and exploration of alternatives as specified in Rule 10. 220. With all this, as the Goddess of Beauty and Power I will in all diligence bestow my uncompromising integrity and impassioned advocacy in this mediation. The convention was set and so if parties are acquiescent to the rules we will now ensue the mediation. Parties will be having the opportunity to take the floor. With this, each shall speak before this process their position, what would they like to achieve, and any other issues presumably measurable with the subject matter. Humanely, let us maintain proper demeanor. Listening would be the key to understanding. Problems Blondes I am the true enigma of beauty, with my hair that shines with the finniest strand of wellness. That is the reason why even before when the TV was invented, in the 15th and 16th Century in Italy, women were dying their hair blond. Womens desire to resemble the pronounce aptness of having flaxen hair was a vogue. And so Barbie became the superstar doll in the planet. A miniature copy of blondes with small waist, large breasts, and blue eyes—is an unswerving, pragmatic, and rational response why the Blondes symbolize beauty. Well, Brunettes may say that brunette dolls were also created on the latter part of time, but then it only shows that Brunettes is a second rater, to think that manufacturers took time before realizing what’s with Brunettes’ beauty. Principally, I don’t like Brunettes’ beauty being leveled with mine, Brunette has now invaded the Television, Print Ads and Magazine which I don’t think is right since I’ve already assumed the top position of exquisiteness, Brunette doesn’t consider that I may feel harmed because of her immense move that threaten reputation. Basically, I want Brunettes not competing with my attractiveness, Brunettes’ intelligence surely has opted me to deal with the matter as Brunette’s Incursion made me look bad at times. Brunettes I have not invaded Blondes’ position, since I was made to be on top by people who believed that my Brunettes hair matched by my exotic beauty is a masterpiece. It might be true that she was first made to be a doll, truly darling, charismatic beauty that she might possess. But people evolve and so the standards of Beauty. Since she was dethroned from the position she initially had I don’t put it in the way that I overran Blondes’ spot in the society. Blondes might as well consider that my beauty is universal since I won a lot of Ms. Universe titles with my crowning glory put into place with elegance. Blondes’ Bluntness, at times impairs my feelings as well, especially when Blondes’ Confidence overflows against mine. With this, I covet for Blondes to face the reality that she is not anymore in the throne of beauty. Just let Blondes leave the position to me, since Blondes beauty has been there long enough it is time for Blondes beauty rest. Discussion The following are only some of the issues perceptible on the matter: 1. ) Since Blondes and Brunettes fancy for the same affair it is apparent that an objective based solution can not be put into practice. This is for the reason that pursuing what they want which is the same, triggers that it would likely end up on having one winner and that is not the purpose of this mediation. 2. ) Brunette pushing Blondes on the Beauty Scale and Blondes doing the same thing to Brunette, establish a particular and concrete issue which on the hand, the parties see coming about in a different way. 3. ) There are some issues of little factors (Bluntness Moves, etc. ) that add big to the problem which needs to be solved. Primarily, the subsequent step is to letting the parties become conscious that there both of them should feel successful in this mediation not leaving anyone behind. Mediator: Well, I see a continuous conflict between the two of you which transpires everyday as you live your life on earth. My deep concern is for us to find out why this is palpable to take place. I think we need to look at the collective cause of all this†¦ Blondes: As the world continues to evolve, I’ve noticed Brunettes coming through Hollywood and making arrangements on doing movies, print and TV advertisements the same things that I craft, which is just fine at first but when I read in the gossip magazine that she plans to make every Blondes feel that she owns it all, that pushed my alarm. Brunettes: That is not so true; I worked my way hard enough to get into that position and did not in any way pilfer prior arrangements of yours. I am just getting my piece of cake. It just so happen that when I stumble into a gossip magazine, I read that you find Brunettes doesn’t have the talent as Blonde possesses. Blondes: Think again! I’m just doing my job because people find my beauty very suitable for them to be entertained and informed as well. I just accepted the offer for Blondes which they discover to very pleasing to their eyes. Brunettes: You did not say in an interview that I am not talented? Blondes: No I did not. I heard you were the one backstabbing me by saying that Brunettes just got it all unlike Blondes. Brunettes: So why don’t we get rid of that gossip magazine? So you can work your stuff and I’ll do mine without any ridiculous side comments from a gossip magazine? Blondes: That can’t be! They make and break us, why just we do more nasty sayings against each other for us to be more popular? The mediator is extremely crucial at this point since the parties ascertained a core issue initially not taken into account. This may bring further variance later on. Mediator: The arguments were by far very interesting, but let us not generate auxiliary problems. To be definite that I get your point let me reaffirm your statements: Blondes, you stipulated that Brunette tries to push you away from the limelight because of the gossip you’ve read in the Magazine that Brunettes would take over your entire career. Brunettes, you sense it not good that Blondes find Brunettes not as talented as they like what you’ve read in the gossip magazine. This made you realize that all along the two of you may not have any problem with one another’s existence. Let us continue on what Blondes’ work is all about. This is the time to make compromising into action, finding some common ground for both parties in which they would understand that the origin of their problem is not removable but can be settled by letting them to come into conclusion. Caucus is significant at this point of mediation. Its main purpose is to know whether the parties have qualms not wanting to be addressed to the other party. Also, this is the time they can they create special consideration they are willing to fulfill. Caucus with Blondes Mediator: I truly understand how you feel Blondes. To be recognized in the scene of stardom is very essential. Do you have any matter you are akin to unveil between the two of us only? Blondes: Probably, I just felt that Brunettes might one day take all the glory in the limelight and not even a single shed will be bound to Blondes. Brunettes: Well, I just want to clear things that I never pushed the Blondes away, not even try to challenge their position in the industry; I know they’ve been there and I respect their beginnings. I just work hard and do my best all the time. As it seems both of the parties are now kind of released their disputes, it is apparent though that they find the other party to have been the one who started the conflict. Third Parties Importance of third parties in mediation is highly significant. It is a unique method to let the parties recognize what effect they bring on third parties. On this process the third party present was 37 year old Lina Casimiro, a bald cancer patient, who is undergoing chemotherapy sessions. Some benefits of having a second mediator for the Parties/Participants are: a. The mediation team can represent disputants diverse characteristics (e. g. male/female, Anglo/Hispanic, older/younger, etc. ) b. A disputant has a better chance of feeling a sense of trust with at least one of the two mediators. c. The disputants have the advantage of the combined skills of two mediators, whose skills usually enhance and complement each other. d. Co-mediators can model co-operative problem-solving and direct-as in as a director or speaking directly to disputants. e. There is a better check on mediators biases or shortcomings. And for the Mediator: a. Having a partner eases the load and tension of mediation, especially in difficult cases and multi-party situations b. Tasks can be comfortably divided when mediators are intentionally paired (e. g. a person skilled at handling emotions matched with a person skilled at practical problem solving). c. A team is less likely to be co-opted by a party . d. Co-mediators can learn new techniques from each other in the process. e. Sessions can be debriefed and strategies planned with a Co-mediator. f. A less experienced mediator can work with a more experienced mediator. The concept of bring a bald woman with cancer divulges the neglect of what a hair she wears literally but how she lives her life as a person without any representation of being any of the parties. Moreover, co-mediation, â€Å"it is a recognized fact in the construction industry that if a mediator has technical knowledge of the major issues involved in the dispute, there is a greater chance that the mediator will be able to bring the parties together to reach an amicable settlement. † Lina can bring a new light into the dispute since she manages a different lifestyle as compared to the parties. Mediator I would like to bring in my co-mediator, Lina Casimiro, she is a cancer patient, and is now undergoing some chemotherapy session which is noticeable due to the baldness. I hope that she can make possible a more successful mediation process by providing some insights on some of the issues we are discussing. Blonde, you may now continue†¦ Blondes: Well, somehow I still think that Brunettes would like to assume the position of being the best beauty in the world. Since, when I look into different medium of exposures, she is always there, and though she would not totally eradicate us, she imposes to lessen our limelight. Brunettes: I am doing my work because it is my passion not because I want to harm Blondes! Moderator: May I know Blondes, if you ever wonder why Brunette entered the scenario in one way or another as you feel, taken away something from you? Lina: In my situation, where I must not think when will I die, the best possible way to somehow lessen that burden is to entertain myself by watching TV or reading magazines, its good to see variety of beautiful people as I may not see them again in the near future. Blondes: That’s really touching to know. Do you still find Blondes beautiful? Lina: Of course, all the time and even Brunettes too. Brunettes: I told you Blondes, the standard of beauty is fast evolving and so the thinking and appreciation of people. So may I ask how do you find the difference between Brunettes and Blondes? Lina: Hair color is not really important chiefly when you have nothing to spare with like me. But those who have like you Brunettes and Blondes, your crowning glory don’t define you as a person, but how you live as a person of either a light-colored or dark colored hair. A healthy competition indeed, is what makes the world exciting and worth living. One can’t live without the other. As for me, that time is the essence; all is beautiful all is fine, as long as we breathe and we appreciate. We may have difficult times because we are different, but we settle on one thing, that we are here to take life’s challenges. Blondes: I’m happy that we, in our own little way become life support for others. Brunettes: I honestly feel that too. The mediation process now has the prowess of a positive outlook. The parties are now on the process of re-evaluating their roles in this conflict and openly received answers from a third party for the issue they initially unlocked. With this, they were able to find more about themselves, and how important a life is to another. The Parties come to the stage of comprehending that life on Earth has sought to address the needs of man as man and not merely of man in so far as to be more than them. Mediation will still proceed until the Blondes and Brunettes relate that beauty is not about who has more and who possesses less but instead it is to mettle with rigorous challenges that may come your way. Both parties accept the friendly and healthy competitions that relatively occur in a more positive manner. Conclusion: This case is about the generality of people that perceive Brunettes and Blondes as different human beings. Perhaps, it may also be a crate with regards to racism. What was brought out here is the fact that in our lives and as our culture dictates, subject with consideration to higher forms of beauty or any other things become a national and even universal debate on belief and points of view. Third parties in mediation process shed a different light in the matter concerned and being discussed in mediation. There presence in the process voluntarily widens the perception of the parties as they bring in their own. Problems have solutions as well as their causes. For some reason, the cause is not initially perceived by the parties involved. With that affair on the table, comes Mediation which in so many ways would incur the initial issue that must have been first resolved.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

othello :: essays research papers

The play, Othello was written by William Shakespeare in the later years of his career. Giraldi Cinthios, Tale of a Moor, based Othello on a story that was a mellow Drama, about a moor and his doubts about his wife’s fidelity. In Shakespeare’s play the Moor (Othello) convinced by his jealous aid (Iago) that his wife (Desdemona) is not Being faithful. Iago’s jealousy is motivated by his anger when he learns that Cassio of Florentine has been appointed Governor of Cyprus. He felt that he deserved this promotion and vowed to seek revenge against Othello. Othello being a Moor commanding the armies of Venice is a celebrated general and heroic figure whose â€Å"free and open nature â€Å" will enable Iago to twist his love for his wife, Desdemona into a powerful jealousy. Iago is Othello’s ensign, and Shakespeare’s greatest villain. His public face of honesty and bravery conceals a satanic delight in manipulation and destruction. . The crucial moment in the play is the scene where Iago deceives Othello and induces him to fall. He does this by expanding the tactics used in prior scenes. Iago plants the seed of doubt in the Moor’s mind when he says, â€Å"Ha! I like that not â€Å" (III, iii) as they came upon Cassio and Desdemona talking. He then retreats into a guise as â€Å"honest Iago† as he did in the brawl (II, ii). When he was the reluctant truth teller who must have unpleasant news dragged from him by a determined Othello. The honesty by him being reluctant to speak is reinforced by the moralizing tone he takes with his commander. Iago actually lectures Othello about his jealousy â€Å"the green-eyed monster† and insisting that he’ll not speak slander â€Å"he that filches from me my good name / Robs of that which not enriched him / And makes me poor indeed† (III, iii). At the same time he is playing upon Othello’s insecurities by lecturing him on how Venetian women are deceitful and treacherous by nature. The seizure of the handkerchief is a great achievement for Iago in his quest to destroy Othello and was aided by his wife, who apparently has no scruples about betraying her mistress in small matters. Shakespeare will eventually transform Emilia into a voice of moral outrage, and by the final scene the audience will applaud her role in Iago’s destruction, but for now she is Iago’s accomplice.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Reaction Paper- Asian and Global Crisis Essay

Reaction Paper Asian and Global Crisis During the Asian and Global Crisis many of the criticisms are against accounting and accountants. In my further readings, I’ve read that during the Asian Crisis in 1997, where affected countries suffered severe setbacks in their economies and where development stagnated, the accountancy profession, including its standards, policies and levels of information disclosures, had played a role in the start of the crisis, and perhaps had even worsened it. Moreover, I’ve also read that during both crises, the Asian Crisis and Global Crisis in 2008, insufficient clarity in what was being measured, the wrong things being measured or things being measured inappropriately, lack of standards, inadequate transparency and poor ethical conduct, in short, poor corporate governance is the main breadth and depth of the crises. As a future accountant, what will I do after all the doubts and criticisms against the profession? In my opinion, sufficient clarity on what to measure, measuring things appropriately, following the applicable standards, adequate transparency and good ethical conduct are the things that I should carry out. It should be clarified in the accountant on what is the thing that he/she should measure. If I’m the accountant I should be knowledgeable on the nature and I should have understood necessary facts about the account when doing measurement or on examining the reasonableness of the measurement method used by the management. In addition, in measuring risks like financial risk, I should use a valid and reliable risk measurement technique because the information that I’ll be giving will be the basis for the management’s decision-making. If I have measured the things incorrectly or a wrong technique has been used, it could be misleading to the decision-making of the management and may cause chaos in the future to the company. In an accounting perspective, applicable generally accepted accounting standards should be used in the accounts of the financials of the company. Strict compliance should be observed so that transactions are properly recorded, summarized, classified and accounted for. Adequate disclosures should also be done. In the auditing perspective, as an auditor, auditing the company should be in accordance with the applicable generally accepted auditing standards. The auditor should be independent so that the opinion will be unbiased. I would like to emphasize that in compliance with the generally accepted auditing standards, the auditor should always take into consideration if the company provided adequate disclosures. Disclosure on significant matters is really important for the users who don’t have enough information regarding the matter will be informed. However, I have read in an article that there is also a lack of standards that also caused the hitch on crises. Regarding the lack of standards, I think it is already in the hands of the appropriate groups with authorities. Accountants need to refocus the structuring of financial transactions so that they comply with generally accepted accounting principles and that the economic substance of financial transactions is communicated. More accountability and ethical awareness needs to be instilled in the individuals who deceitfully structure financial transactions. Regulatory bodies need to ensure more transparency by closing loopholes and better enforcement of accounting standards. Audit committees, need to be sure that a company is communicating the true economic reality of the financial transactions and financial position of the business entity. Off-balance-sheet financing is one of the most significant ways, among others, that the user of financial statements can be misled. It is time for regulatory bodies to eliminate overly rules-based standards, clearly state the economic objective of each standard, and require firms to disclose the economic motivations for the accounting practices they adopt. While making judgment accountants need to be cautious and prudent. Accounting transactions and other events are sometimes uncertain but in order to be relevant it should be reported in time. Accountants have to make estimates requiring judgment to counter the uncertainty. Prudence is a key accounting principle which makes sure that assets and income are not overstated and liabilities and expenses are not understated. The bottom-line for all of these is to have good corporate governance. As defined by Robert M. Bushman, corporate governance structures serve: 1) to ensure that minority shareholders receive reliable information about the value of firms and that a company’s managers and large shareholders do not cheat them out of the value of their investments, and 2) to motivate managers to maximize firm value instead of pursuing personal objectives. I believe that all of the things I have mentioned are some of the keys that can help me as a future accountant in dealing the reality and to get out of all the doubts against the accounting profession.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Attribution Theory Essay

Attribution Theory Definition The process by which persons interpret and pinpoint causes for their own personal and other’s behaviour is the theory of attribution. 1 In this motivational theory, a person always finds a way to explain things, he make inferences on why things or events occur. After explaining the events a person then predicts future events through his inferences. He wants to understand the reasons or causes behind behaviour of people and why events happen. It was first proposed by Fritz Heider in 1958 and further developed by Harold Kelly and Bernard Weiner. Theories Internal vs. External Attributions Every person observe and analyze things differently thus having different ways of explaining things. The attribution theory proposes that when people observe and analyze things they try to find out whether it is caused internally or externally. 2 Attribution is a three-stage process: (1) Observation of an individual behaviour, (2) Determination whether the behaviour is intentional and (3) Attribution of the observed behaviour to internal or external factors.Those that are believed that can be personally controlled are called internal attributions while those believed to be caused by outside forces are external attributions. 2Â  Example of internal attributions are ability, personality, mood, efforts, attitudes or disposition while external attributions are task, other people and luck. 4 Following is an example of an application of this theory is when an employee failed to perform in a given task, a manager tries to explain why this thing h appened. He may attribute this failure to poor efforts made by his subordinate (internal attribute) or he may consider that the given task maybe be too difficult for his employee (external attribute). Consistency, Distinctiveness and Consensus On the other hand, when making a determination between internal and external causes of behaviour, three factors must be considered: (1) consistency, (2) distinctiveness and (3) consensus. 1 Consistency is how frequent a person behaves similarly when faced with the same situations. Distinctiveness is how different a person behaves when faced with different types of situations. Consensus is when a group of people behaves similarly when faced with the same situation. 2 When a person behaves similarly when faced with same situations, we can say that the consistency is high; if he acts differently every time exposed with the same situation, consistency is low. 3 An example of consistency is the following is when an employee consistently has a low performance when he always assigned in a individual task rather when he is assigned in a group task. The observed behaviour of the employee wherein there is a high consistency can be attributed to an internal factor which is attitude. When a person behaves differently during different types of situations distinctiveness is high; if he behaves similarly during different situations, distinctiveness is low. 3 An example of distinctiveness is when an honor student gets high grades (same behaviour) in all of his subjects during three consecutive grading periods (different situations). The observed behaviour of the student wherein there is a low distinctiveness can be attributed to an internal factor which is ability or effort. When the observed behaviour of a group of people is the same in a given situation, consensus is high; if this group behaves differently given a similar situation, consensus is low. 3 An example of distinctiveness is when all students are late in a first period class (consensus is high), the attribution to this behaviour maybe due to an external factor which is traffic caused by a vehicular accident. Figure 1. Summary of the key elements in attribution theory. 2 Errors and Biases in Attribution The difference on how every person thinks, perceive and judge things may lead to some biases. One may consider the greater attributes of certain occurrences to external factors rather than internal factors or the other way around, well on the actual these considerations may not be correct all the time. Fundamental Attribution Error and Self-serving Bias Fundamental attribution error is when people have the tendency to consider the influence of external factors more than considering the influence of internal or personal factors. 2 An example of this is when we attribute the promotion of an officemate to perfect timingor luck rather than to his own efforts and perseverance. Self-serving bias is overestimating the influence of internal factors or personal traits rather than assigning external or situational factors to certain occurrences. When a person attributes his personal success to his own traits or internal and his misfortunes to bad luck or external factors, he is thus committing a self-serving bias. 1Self-fulfilling Prophecy Perceiver’s expectations for a person will cause the perceiver to treat the person perceived differently and the person perceived will respond in a way that confirms the initial expectations. 1 Example of this is when a teacher thinks that his student will do well during his exam so he spends more time with this student and coaches him well, in return the student will get a high score in the exam. Summary Attribution theory is important to management because managers’ and employees’ actions and opinion can be influenced by how they perceive or see the reasons that cause human behaviour given a certain situation. 3 Different attributions of a manager to an employee’s attitude and performance can affect the standing of the employee in the organization. If a manager attributes the employee’s poor performance to lack of effort in performing the assigned task, he may fail the employee or give the employee a low rating during performance appraisals. On the other hand, if the manager attributes the poor performance to the high level of difficulty of the job, the manager may review and revise the job specifications to lessen the difficulty level of the job. Attribution also affects employee motivation. If an employee attributes the success to external factors, then they may lose motivation since anything that may occur is beyond their control. If an employee attributes success to internal factors like perseverance, then they are expected to have a high motivation for their job.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

6 things you need to do before applying to your dream job

6 things you need to do before applying to your dream job Any of us who have spent time on the job hunt trail have been here before: While checking out job boards and researching companies who are hiring in our industry, you come across the coveted dream job- a posting that’s so perfectly aligned to what you’re looking for in your next career step that you can almost convince yourself that it was tailored precisely for you. Everything about it seems just right- a position with an industry-leading company who has a great reputation and culture, job responsibilities that really match what you’re looking to take on, and opportunities for lasting growth and success. In sum, what appears to be the perfect job. When we stumble across the dream job, we all know what happens next. A wave of anxiety washes over you like an unavoidable tsunami, with thoughts of all the great candidates who may have beaten you to the application punch, and fears that your window for applying may be closing and that your chances of getting the job may be slipping away with each passing moment.Yeah, we’ve all been here before, and at this point, you’re going to be struck with the urge to frantically rush to apply for the job before it’s too late. This is precisely the point where careless and unprepared candidates slip up and make the sort of mistakes that prevent them from being taken seriously by hiring managers. Don’t be one of these people.If you’re really intent on landing your dream job- or any job for that matter- then it’s in your best interest to slow down, take a moment, and make sure you take care of these 6 important things before applying.Review the postingMany candidates get so excited after reading a great job posting that they overlook key details, which often include specific instructions for how to apply. Rookie mistake- failing to comply with all application instructions can ruin your chances of being seriously considered for the position. Read the posting more than once to make absolutely sure that you have all of the details down cold.Review your application materialsSure, you want to get your resume and cover letter in for consideration before it’s too late, but incorrect, error-laden, or incomplete application materials are almost impossible to recover from. Trust us, taking the time to slow down and confirm, several times, that your materials are perfect and error-free is time well spent.Tailor your approachHaving a canned cover letter and resume for every job posting you come across is not your best approach, and savvy hiring personnel are going to notice. Crafting your resume and cover letter for every position you apply for and highlighting why you’re the ideal candidate for each specific company is a much better strategy for grabbing attention and getting your foot in the door for interviews.Answer the question â€Å"Why you?†The scary truth of the job world is that there are tons of qualified candidates for every open position, and candidates who don’t clearly demonstrate why they should be considered from all those among the candidate herd have little chance of standing out from the crowd. Make sure your application materials showcase your full potential value and detail why you’re a candidate to be reckoned with and taken seriously.Mind your social mediaMany candidates become so laser-focused on getting their application and materials just right that they forget to mind the other details- like making sure their public social media doesn’t contain anything that may hurt their chances. Checking a candidate’s social media footprint is industry-standard today, so make sure that anything hiring managers and personnel can see reflects as positively on you like your cover letters and resumes do.Don’t forget to re-reviewIt’s never a bad idea to take a little time to re-review your entire application package before sending it off to make sure it’s in perfect shape. If you can get a person you trust to review it with a fresh set of eyes, even better. Consider it a little extra insurance towards making sure that you’re doing everything you can to land an interview.If you’re hot on the job hunt trail and eager to land your dream job, make sure you take care of the 6 key things mentioned here before clicking â€Å"Send† for any application you submit.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Breaking Bad Blue Crystal Meth Rock Candy Recipe

Breaking Bad Blue Crystal Meth Rock Candy Recipe Have you ever wondered what AMC used for crystal meth in Breaking Bad? Walts famous blue crystal meth is rock candy, not drugs! Here is a recipe to make your own blue crystal candy, perfect for a Breaking Bad party or snacks while watching the show. Of course, you can make the candy any color, flavor it, or even make it glow under a black light. Blue Crystal Ingredients You only need a few common cooking ingredients for this project: 3-3/4 cups sugar1-1/4 cups light corn syrup1 cup waterblue food coloring (or whatever color you like)1/2 to 1 teaspoon flavoring, such as vanilla, lemon, or cherry flavoring What To Do If you have a candy thermometer, be sure to use it. Otherwise, watch carefully for any darkening or browning of the sugar, which indicates youre getting the mixture too hot. Grease a cookie sheet. You can use butter, shortening, or non-stick spray.Stir the sugar, corn syrup, and water together in a pan over medium heat.Bring the mixture to a boil and continue boiling for 3 minutes.Stir in food coloring and flavoring, if desired.This is the part where the candy thermometer comes in handy. Increase the temperature to 300 Â °F. The goal is to melt the sugar and harden the candy, but not carmelize (brown) it. Once the mixture reaches the temperature, remove the pan from heat.Pour the hot mixture onto the greased cookie sheet. Be very careful! The candy is extremely hot and sticky at this point.Allow the crystals to cool completely. Use a mallet or hammer to break the crystals into pieces.Store your blue crystals in an airtight container, since humidity will make them sticky. To keep the crystals from sticking to each other, you can spritz them with nonstick cooking spray or dust them with powdered sugar. Glowing Blue Crystals If you want blue crystals that glow blue under a black light, replace the water in the recipe with tonic water. The quinine that produces the blue glow has a distinctive flavor, which you may like or may wish to mask with another flavoring. Learn More Breaking Bad ChemistryCrystal Meth FactsGrow Sugar Crystals or Rock CandyMake Maple Syrup CrystalsHoneycomb Bubble Candy Recipe

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Human Trafficking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Trafficking - Assignment Example Williamson). International brokers and agents play a significant role in the displacement of human from one place to another or from one country to another. Most of the times, children and women are displaced from one place to another or from one country to another on the promises of bright future and better job opportunities which may be unachievable for them within their own country. However, this group comes to know the reality the time they reach their destination and realize that they have been deceived by the agent and learn the exact nature of the work; they are expected to do in future. Soon they realize that escaping from the situation can be difficult and dangerous for them. Child Labor: Child labor is also a form of illegal abuse and a forced labor that may cause adverse affects on the physical, mental, moral and social development of children and it may hinder the process of their education. According to an observation made by International Labor Organization that there a re approximately 246 million children around the world who are engaged illegal drug trade, forcibly involved in youth militia and armed conflicts, child prostitution and pornography or involved in debt bondage and other illegal activities. Emergence of Youth Militia: In major parts of Africa, children are forcibly recruited in diamond mines and to serve in civil and political wars. The political and civil instability in Sierra Leone has given rise to the army of child soldiers who have maintained their power and authority in the region. This army of children is brutally involved in the killing of thousands of innocent lives, rape, sexual abuse, illegal drug trade and sexual slavery. In third world countries, children and youth have played an important role in giving rise to youth violence. This emerging power of youth is also termed as the establishment of â€Å"Urban youth culture.† In other parts of the world such as Gulf-region which includes Palestine, Israel, Iraq and ot her Middle Eastern countries, we cannot neglect the political and civil instability which has also contributed in the formation of youth militia. Thousands of Palestinian children have lost their lives while transporting, throwing or exploding bombs or other explosive materials. Several groups have been established which comprised of young combatants against Israeli oppression. Furthermore, when mentioning the emergence of youth militia, one cannot ignore the rapid emergence of â€Å"Child Martyrs†. These child martyrs have given a new name to suicide terrorism which is the results of wars. Recruitment of child soldiers is a part of international law which is constituted on the basis of law of wars. According to this law, regulation of child soldiers under lawful recruitment is appropriate only if they are supervised or commanded by someone. It also states a particular age and criteria for the recruitment of child soldiers however; the law does not support the unlawful recrui tment of minors or the use of children in any civil or international war. Human Slavery: Human slavery is a part of human trafficking which allows the illegal trade of human especially women and children for different purposes. Human slavery exists in almost all the cultures and it has been there in the history from ages. Children and women are used forcibly and unlawfully in different

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Neoliberalism is a fundamental new approach in International Relations PowerPoint Presentation

Neoliberalism is a fundamental new approach in International Relations theory. Discuss - PowerPoint Presentation Example Neo-liberalism works to move a part of the economy’s control to the private sector from the public sector. That is to say that neo-liberalism is an economic conception that values the ideals of free and unregulated market and globalization. Therefore, neo-liberalism occupies a fundamental position in the theory of International Relations. Neo-liberalism is a concept of political and economic practices that put forwards that human welfare can best be developed by liberating personal industrial freedoms and expertise inside an institutional framework typified by sound private property rights, unregulated and free markets along with free trade (Harvey, 2007). In the period after 1945, the liberals resorted to international institutions to perform several functions that the state could not carry out. This was the mechanism behind the integration theory in Europe and pluralism theory in the United States of America. Near the beginning of the 1970s, pluralism had built up a considerable challenge to realism and showed the way to neo-liberalism. Neo-liberalism stands for a more refined theoretical challenge to existing realism. They give explanation to the durability of institutions in spite of significant changes in circumstances. As said by neo-liberals, institutions exercise a causal influence on international relations, determining state preferences and fastening them in to two-way co-operative arrangements. It concentrates on new players like transnational corporations, NGOs (non-governmental organizations) and new types of relations like interdependence and integration (Galbreath, n.d.). Basically neo-liberalism states that free trade and unregulated market along with unobstructed supply of capital will lead to the production of the most efficient products that are most economically, socially and politically viable. It emphasizes on the significance of sound institutions like property rights, freedom of agreement, open markets, rules of legal responsibility,

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Going Green Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Going Green - Essay Example As a result, temperatures within the atmosphere rise, albeit gradually, to cause global warming. The United States Environmental protection agency has listed five gases as composing the greenhouse gases. These are Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases. (U.S Environmental Protection Agency, February 2012). Although carbon dioxide is also produced naturally, it (and the other gases) is primarily produced through human activities, especially ‘†¦ through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), solid waste, trees and wood products, and also as a result of other chemical reactions’ (Environmental Protection Agency, February 2012). This is where automobile manufacture becomes relevant. Green house gases are emitted, not only during the production of cars, but also during their use; i.e. while on the road. This calls for safer methods of production as well as designing ‘green cars’-those that emit less harmful gases or n one at all. Such are solar-powered or electric cars. 2. Reality Check Greenhouse emissions have been on the rise in the last couple of decades thanks to increased industrialization. They have risen â€Å"†¦ by 15 percent since 1990, reaching over 7000 metric tons in 2006.† (CQ Researcher, Feb. 29 2008, Pg 200). ... To curb the effects of global warming, governments, business organizations, activist groups as well as individuals have come out to advocate for more initiative and responsibility-more specifically in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save the planet. The car industry is squarely on the spotlight over taking responsibility over greenhouse gases emissions, since it is arguably the chief consumer of fossil fuel products. 3. The Great Controversy Green products are not costly; neither do they hurt the economy, as some people may have claimed. The problem with such an argument is that the proponents are looking at short term profits and benefits, which may not be immediately realized in the green market. They look at the rate of input versus output; and it looks like a losing game, at least from face value. For instance, relying on solar energy in car production means that we can only reap benefits during the day only- and closing shop at sun set. This means that a 24 hour eco nomy is not possible, and therefore profits may reduce by half. However, this may be the only [greatest] disadvantage with solar energy. On the other hand, we may benefit from a 24-hour economy driven by coal and gas, but we will begin counting our losses sometime soon down the road. Green house effects may be slow, but they are certain. They cause ripple effects that result to consequences that eventually cost more money to mitigate. For instance, more toxic gases are emitted to the atmosphere through industrial wastes; the mean global temperatures rise over time; more ice melts causing dams, rivers and lakes to swell and burst; floods sweep over businesses, animals and humans; more money is required to rebuild the dams, compensate the affected

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The enhancing effects of music on happiness

The enhancing effects of music on happiness This thesis examines the enhancing effects of music on happiness.Music is the purest form of art. It can be said that it has an impact on almost everyone. Certain pieces of music have a relaxing effect, while others stimulate us to act, and some cause change in or emphasize our mood. This work specifically concentrates on how listening to different kinds of music can increase the level of happiness and the factors associated with it. Defining Music The word music basically comes from the Greek word mousike meaning art of the muses.As generally percieved, music is one of the fine arts which is concerned with the combinition of sounds with beauty of form and the expression of thought or feeling.It can be defined as vocal or instrumental sounds having some degree of rhythm, melody and harmony. According to the Australian Oxford dictionary (2004), music is the art of combining vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) to produce beauty of form,harmony and expression of emotion. The Collins dictionary (2000) relates music as an art form consisting of sequences of sounds in time, especially tones of definite pitch organized melodically, harmonically,rhythmically and according to color. Music is also known as, the art of combining sounds so as to please the ear (Chambers dictionary,1987) . Music is also viewed as an art that is difficult to tie down . According to Wikipedia , the definition of music varies according to culture and social context. The artists may view music as a performing art, a fine art, and an auditory art .William Sheakspeare has defined it as as the food of soul.Humanistic psychologists view music as a means of self fulfillment,integration and self actualiztion.For existentialists it is another department of choice and freedom. Music in any form has a universal appeal, like an international language,it is understood and spoken everywhere,and its charm and penetrating power cannot be denied.(Malik, M.S., 1983). Components of Music According to a physicists point of view, music consists of a set of a set of sounds with particular frequencies, amplitudes, and timbres which are organized into highly predictable patterns. The social and cultural meanings by people turn these sounds into music (Hargreaves, D. J and North, A. C., 2000).The components of music are, Musical note is a single sound of definite pitch and duration which can be identified in writing. Rhythm, is the arrangement of sounds in time, this arrangement is a complex arrangement of notes into a mixture of short and long durations within a single bar or a series of bars. Regular pulse groupings are called bars or measures. Rhythm is one of the most central features of many styles of music, especially jazz and hip-hop (Lerdahl Jackendoff, 1983). Scale, is a progression of notes in an ascending or descending order. Melody or tune assembles a series of notes into recognizable musical shapes. The notes of a melody are created with respect to pitch systems such as scales. A melody usually though not necessarily possesses rhythm. The rhythm of a melody is often based on the tones of language, the physical rhythms of dance or just periodic beatings. (Narveson, 1984). The beat of a piece of music is its regular pulse, determined by the bar lines by which music are metrically determined. Pitch, is the height or depth of a note in relation to other notes or in relation to an absolute pitch. The absolute pitch has internationally been set at A=400 Hz that is, the A above the middle c has a frequency of 440 cycles or vibrations per second. Pitch is determined by the sounds frequency of vibration. The process of assigning note names to pitches is called tuning. The difference in frequency between two pitches is called an interval. The interval indicates either the doubling or halving of the base frequency. (Machlis Kristine, 2007) Harmony is the study of vertical sonorities in music. A vertical sonority refers to considering the relationship between pitches that are together. Harmony can also be implied by melodies that outline a harmonic structure. A larger structure involving multiple pitches is called a chord (Darmschroder Williams, 1990).Harmony in music can be analyzed through Roman numeral system. A system of chord symbols is used in popular and jazz music. (Friberg, 1991). Musical texture is the overall sound of a piece of music .It is described as the number of parts or lines and their relationship. The perceived texture of a musical piece can be affected by the interval between each musical line, the timbre of instruments or the number of instruments used. Monophony, homophony and polyphone include musical textures. Monophony is the texture of a melody. The texture of homophony is achieved when a melody is accompanied by chords. The melody in homophony is usually voiced in high notes. Polyphony consists of several simultaneous melodies of equal importance (Temperly, 2001). Form, is a feature of musical theory that explores the concept of musical syntax, on a local and global level. The syntax is often explained in terms of phrases and periods or sections or genre respectively. (Juslin, 2003). 1.1.2 Musical Instruments The earliest and largest collection of prehistoric musical instruments was found in China and dates back to between 7000 and 6600 BC. (Wikipedia).People of different cultures have developed musical instruments of their own distictive fashion,the sounds of these instruments thus,affect different prople differently.Some distict musical instruments are, Sitar, it has been the king of indian court music since 14th century. It is the modification of an earlier instrument,the Keena.The sitar is made of teak,jackwood and a seasoned gourd.Its neck towers above the players head while it is played.It mainly has six or seven playing strings running above the feet and below them, a dozen or so sympathetic strings,that set up a steady running echo.The sitar is played with a wireplectrum worn on the right finger of the sitarist.The sitar music is a world in itself.Learning to play the instrument with proficiency needs ten or twelve years of intensive study(Bhattacharya, McDonald Carter,2008). Rebab, is the name for various Arabic bow string instruments found in Islamic countries. They occur usually with three strings in various shapes like elongated boats, trapezoid rectangles etc. The Rebab was both carried eastwards and westwards with the spread of Islam (Kartomi, 1990). Guitar is a string instrument, originally brought to Spain by the moors in the middle ages. It has a flat back. The modern instrument has six strings. The guitar is a popular instrument used to provide a simple choral accomplishment to a dance or a song. Flute, is a cylindrical tube closed at the upper end where these is a side hole, though which the player bows air and makes the internal air column vibrate. The modern flute was largely developed by T.Bohm, he made it possible to pierce finger-holes in correct positions. The flute did not come into general use in chamber and orchestral music until 18th century (Taylor, 1992). Saxophones are classified as members of the single reed family. Saxophone was invented in about 1840 by Adolph Sax, a Belgian instrument maker. Saxophones are regular members of dance bands military bands and are also used to play distinctive solo in orchestral work. The sound of the saxophone is extremely variable. Its timbre being intermediate between wood and brass, it passes from the softness of flute over the broad, mellow tone of cells to the metallic strength of the coronet (Ingham, 1998). Drum, is the generic name for instruments consisting of skin stretched over a frame or vessel and struck with the hands or a sticks. The drum was introduced in the western world through Greece (Kinnear, 1985). Tabla, is a type of an oriental drum. It exists in different forms. The Indian table is a single headed drum resembling a small tympano, having a similar sound. The Arabic tabla is beaten by the hands and the tone is much drier than that of the Indian instrument (Holroyde, 1972). Xylophone is a set of tuned wooden bars beaten with sticks. The bars usually rest in a frame and are arranged in order of pitch. Most xylophones are provided with resonators, either in the form of a cradle shaped box under the bars, or in the form of a separate gourd for each bar gourd for each bar. When playing the xylophone, the player uses mallets of various weights and hardness according to the quality of tone required.( Nettl Bruno ,1956). Piano, Classicism is the greatest and the best known period of piano music. The pianist uses a flexible system of levers connected by four joints, knuckles, wrist, elbow and shoulders. It can also be played by placing the finger on the key and raising the arm slightly in a relaxed action. Piano is a mechanical instrument through which the notes are produced by the strike of keys (Krumhansl, 1997). Violin is the most important of the stringed instruments in the orchestra as well as in chamber and solo music. Its main parts are the, body consisting of label sound board, back and ribs (sidewalks), the finger board, string holder, the bridge. The violin provides expressiveness ranging from soft lyricism to extreme dramatic excitement and a sensitive timbre (Cremer, 1984). Harmonium is a keyboard instrument that sounds by means of thin metal tongues being set in vibration by a steady current of air which is provided by a pair of pedal operated bellows. The metal tongues act as free reeds. Modern harmonium can produce expressive graduations of sounds by means of the expression stop. The harmonium was developed in the 19th century from a number of experimental instruments (Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica (11th Ed.), 1911). Types of Music The aim of all music is to touch the core of the heart and thus music can be called an expression of our hearts sayings. Different types of music help in soothing ones disturbed soul, in the growth of concentration and also cheer us up to live life to the fullest. There are various types of music as people have different tastes i.e., classical music, rock, hip-hop, folk, opera, mystical etc. The objective behind listening to music remains the same. Classical music is a complex form of music as it requires high musical skills like learning the ragas and ability to coordinate with other musicians .The one who wants to learn, he/she has to go through proper training in this field of music (Bhattacharyya, 2008). Rock music, originated in the rock n roll era of 1950s. The singers are accompanied by a guitar, bass and drum. Certain rock groups use pianos, saxophones, flute, mandolin and sitar for a deeper effect. This type of music has several subtypes such as hard rock, progressive rock and metal rock. All these types of rock music are popular to date.(Warren , Romanowski Parles ,2001). Hip-hop (Pop-Music) music always includes the use of instruments such as guitar, violin, fiddle, piano, bass and drums. In these types of music, the bass is the main instrument. This can be used in different intensities to emote feelings of anger, pride and others. This type of music is the result of hip-hop culture and is known as hip-hop music. This music shows a heavy influence of Jamaican music. The roots of the music are found in African American and West African music. (Light, 1999). Folk music is a kind of traditional music that is handed down from generations in every culture. Folk music shows the social upheaval that lies among various classes of people. This also portrays their struggle for survival and their culture (Bhattacharyya, 2008).The term can be applied to music that has been evolved from rudimentary beginnings by a community uninfluenced by popular and art music and it can likewise be applied to music which has originated with an individual composer and has subsequently been absorbed into the unwritten living tradition of a community. It is the re-fashioning and re-creation of the music by the community that gives it a folk character (Lloyd, 1975). Opera music first emerged in Italy in the 17th century. This genre of music a remarkable combination of theatrical art and musical inventions and is specifically played in theatres. This has greater demand for its amusing orchestral supplements. The introduction and interval of this music set the tone for the action on stage. (Grout Williams, 2003). Mystical music Music is an outburst of the soul  .Mystic music includes spacious, contemplative, heartfelt, trance inducing and psychedelic sounds in such genres as space music, electronic, ambient, visionary, acoustic, world fusion, classical, neo-classical, and even some progressive rock; a mix of entrancing drones, structures, and rhythms. Mystic music extends from Bach to rock. Mystic music is that kind of sonorous sound experience that lifts and awakens you above normal consciousness, even if only for a few moments. If you listen sensitively, it puts you in touch with your most special memories and forgotten dreams. It is relaxing and good for your plants (and your body too; not to mention your mind, heart and soul). Mystic music remains true to the original purpose of music: to help us contact the spiritual dimensions of life and reveal the secret to us; and to, keep the spirit alive (Nasr, 1997) 1.1.4 Effects of Music Music holds a very significant position in our lives since the beginning.From the early beginning to the present day,interest in music with reference to healing and therapeautic experiece has sustained (Bartlett ,1996) The qualities of music were known even in earliest times. Evidence suggests that dance and song preceded speech. Researchers have found that about two-thirds of the inner ears cilia resonate only at the higher frequencies that are commonly found in music (3,000 20,000 Hz). This seems to indicate that primitive humans communicated primarily through song or tone.India has one of the oldest musical traditions in the world, references to Indian classical music (marga) can be found in the ancient scriptures of the Hindu tradition, the Vedas (Wikipedia). There are references to the divine alliance of music and medicine in classical antiquity and the healing function of much among primitive people (Schullian and Schoen,1948). Recent work on music has confirmed the effectiveness of music too. This is of the fact that music can trigger Endorphins in human body that help the mind in creating sound images,allowing people to escape into a painless worlds sheltered by their imaginations. Music can speed up or slow,regularize or disturb our heart beat,relax or tense the nerves,can affect digestion,respiration and blood pressure(Tame,1984) Ansdell(1995) says that we make and experience music because or body is made up of cells,organs,and muscles that have pulses and tones,tensions and resolutions of the tensions.Emotions share with music the qualities of speed force attack and intensity.It has also been suggested that music could be a powerful tool to use within neuro-disability and the structure of music can help organize and retrieve information. (Taylor, 1992). In many instances it has been found that people with brain related problems were able to function in better ways while being exposed to music. (Erdonmez, 1993; Nordoff Robbins, 1997). Mc Carty (1999) described how music could reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions in healthy as well as clinically ill people. In the words of Janet Towell(2000), Music can soothe the soul, excite the emotions and provide a sense of cultural identity. Music can decrease pain and depression while increasing mood and self esteem. A study showed that tempo affected arousal while mode of the music affected the mood (Husain, Thompson Schelenburg, 2002). Well ness is a product of healthy body, mind, spirit interactions, and, as a result music can an important asset in creating the appropriate environment for persons healing (Stewart, 1990).Musics appeal to us is primarily emotional and psychological. Music has been noted for its ability to enhance peoples moods, move them to tears, make them want to rejoice or just move them emotionally in both negative and positive ways (Goldstein, A, 1980). Radocy and Boyle(1979) suggest that there are eight types of affective responses to music.Some of these relate to an innate sensory perception of the sound while others are associted with images,experiences and emotional context of these experiences.These responses may include simple feelings;negative and positive organic feelins;moral religious feelings and emotions and tempraments.Because of this entity,music often can help people in confronting issues which they have not dealt earlier in their lives.This is because of the association between the events of our past with the particular piece of music (Bright ,1993;Levine , 1999;Ortiz ,1997). Stewart(1990) believes that music is an affective therapeutic agent under the right circumstances as it can allign patterns of emotion,structures of conciousness and /or psychic energy (P.62).It does not appeal to logic and rarely meets with intellectual resistence to iniciate its actions(Guzzetta , 1995).Music can help us to initiate psychological movement by modifying our mental states and cuing us towards more positive affirmations such as sad to cheerfull,discouraged to hopefull,or plain to peaceful.Music has an essential ability to create another world of virtual time(Blaking,1990).Menuhin(1972) reveals furthur that Music creates order out of chaos, for rhythm imposes unanimity upon the divergent ,melody imposes continuity among the disjointed,and harmony imposes compatibility among the incongruous.Listening to music can create and expand out internal space where we can retreat from the norms and the reality of the world.This is achieved by creating an internal imaginative world of sound which is rich in symbolism and personal meaning,and allowing us to revisit the emotional context of particular memories(Bunt,1996). According to Sloboda(1989) ,the reason most of us take part in musical activities is that music is capable of arousing in us deep and significant emotions.These emotions range from the aeshetic delight in sound construction,through emtions such as joy or sorrow which music sometimes enhances to simple relief from boredom of depression.The music itself cannot have extra musical meaning unless the experience to which it refers already exists in the mind of the listener.When music has similar connections with human life,then it can make people more aware of feelings they experienced by intensifying the emotions.Particular music can help in moving painful memories or the unresolved issues in life .Stor(1992) also refers this arousal as being a condition of heightned alertness,awareness,interest and excitement.He also believes that apart from the relations between seeing an emotional arousal,the relation between hearing and emotional arousal is stronger. Campball(1992), observed that when we communcate with the emotional centres of our being such as through the use of music,we can better reduce stress and achieve a sense of welbeing.Music can also help in achieving peace and relaxation (Ortiz ,1997). Diamond (1979) suggests that music can be an important part of primary preventative health care at a psychosocial level. Bunt(1996) shows that how music can be used to assist people in realizing their feelings, going beyond their everyday experiences, resolving hurts and pain and appraising significant live events. Music can also evoke memories of the emotional context of past events and times and aid people to explore issues for a different angle and retrieving events and emotions. Music evokes not only the memories of past time but also the emotional context of those times(Bunt,1997).It has been reported that music is an activity that the healthy impaired talented and interested enjoy, because it provides them with a relief from their stress ,anxiety, depression and mourning(Blacking,1995).Music coupled with personal attention and care of other people, can provide gratification and restore a sense of worth to people who may be experiencing depression or low self-esteem (Crystal, Grober Masur,1989). According to Spingte (1998), music is the most intense means of emotional communication. In view of Hallan, S Price, J. (1998), calming music led to better participant performance on arithmetic and memory tasks. Music can align patterns of emotions, structures of consciousness and / or psychic energy (Stewart, 1990). Thus, music has great influences on a listener. It can take the mind and body to do spontaneous things whether they are good or bad. Depending on the type of music and the inner message it has, music can influence a person and his/her actions (Cassidy, 2008). Happiness There has been a surge of interest in Positive Psychology during the last quarter of this century. There has been a huge amount of interest and research on happiness, wellbeing and satisfaction among all positive fields (Diener 1995).The classic definition of happiness by Jeremy Bentham(1800s) is that happiness is the sum of pleasures and pains. Happiness  is a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or  joy.It is a positive emotional state that is defined by every person on a subjective level. The term subjective well-being is used as a synonym for happiness. Happiness is defined as an overall appraisal of life, where the good and the bad is balanced (Diener Scolon, 2003). Happiness in this older sense was used to translate the Greek Eudemonia, and is still used in virtue ethics.(Wikipedia). Happiness is a belief about yourself and the outside world. You can be doing something you normally experience as pleasurable but not be happy. Pleasure is born from the external world; happiness is born from the internal workings of our own minds. Martin Seligman,( 2002) one of the founders of positive psychology, describes happiness as consisting of positive emotions and positive activities. He categorizes emotions related to the past, present and future. Positive emotions relating to the past include satisfaction, contentment, pride and serenity. Positive emotions relating to the future include optimism, hope and trust. Veenhoven (1997) has defined happiness or subjective well-being as the degree to which one judges the quality of his life favorably. According to Schwartz and Strack (1999), even very minor incidents in life can affect the level of happiness. The findings of a Pakistani research have shown that number of happy people is more than that of unhappy people and that the eastern people have higher levels of happiness than western people. Work satisfaction, social support, religious affiliation, social class, income level, and marital status and satisfaction were found to be predictors of happiness (Suhail, Chaudary, 2004).Individual differences in the levels of happiness also have significance. Theories of happiness The theories of happiness have been divided into three types, Need/goal satisfaction theories, Process/activity theories, Genetic/personality predisposition theories (Diener et al, 2002). Psychoanalytic and humanistic theorists believed that reduction in tension and satisfaction of needs lead to the achievement of happiness. It was theorized that people were happy as they had achieved their goals. (Compton, 2005). According to the process/activity theorists, participating in activities generates happiness. Csikszentmihalyi (1990) proposed that people who indulge in interesting and challenging activities, and thus experience the feelings of flow, are happier. Emmons (1986) has also emphasized how pursuing goals generates happiness. The genetic/personality theorists view happiness as a stable construct. A Research by Costa and McCrae (1986) proved that happiness is based on personality and genetics. Lucas (1996) also found in a research that personality traits were closely related to happiness. Keyes and Lopez (1995) presented another model of happiness. They defined happiness as a complete state of mental health while combining many principles of pleasure. They defined emotional happiness as the presence of positive affect and life satisfaction with the absence of negative affect. Social happiness was achieved by incorporating acceptance, actualization, contribution, coherence and integration. However, self acceptance, personal growth, purpose in life, environmental mastery, autonomy and positive relations with others were the components of achieving psychological well-being, Most of recent researches agree with idea of happiness being a combination of psychological, emotional, and physical well-being. Causes of Happiness Sex: No significant differences have been seen between the levels of happiness of men and women (Nolen-Hoeksema Rusting, 1999).In a study by Wood,Rhodes Whelan (1989), it was found that women report slightly higher levels of happiness. Fujita, Diener Sandvick (1991) also reported that women showed greater capacity for joy. Shayam and Yadev (2006) found that elderly men scored higher on well-being as compared to elderly women. However the impact of gender accounts for only 1 percent of variability in happiness in people. Finances: Financial status is related to happiness, however with an increase the effect diminishes (Diener, 1997).Diener (1995) found that positive correlations existed between the GDP and subjective well being of fifty five nations. According to Keely,(2000) increase in income does not lead to increase in happiness.Most people are happy regardless of their material wealth(Diener , 1996). Marital status: Research has shown that married people are happier as compared to unmarried, divorced, separated or widowed people. Shields Wooden (2003) found that married women and men were consistently happier than unmarried men and women. Education: Education has greater affect on the happiness levels of people with lower incomes (Campbell, 1976).Education appears to have only small direct influence on happiness. Culture: Diener Lucas (1999) found that some nations appear to be more emotional than other nations. It was found that people in individualistic cultures had higher subjective well-being as compared to collectivistic cultures. (Ball, 2001). Health: Physical health is strongly related to levels of happiness. If one is physically healthy he/she would have higher levels of happiness as compared to a person who is sick. According to physicians, Brief, Butcher, George Link (1993) a strong correlation exists between subjective well-being and health. Religion: Many researches support that people who are religious tend to be happier. Studies have found that engagement in religious activities is significantly related to higher well-being (Donahue Benson, 1995).James Peacock and Margret Poloma (1999) found that ones perceived closeness to God was a very strong predictor of happiness. Life Events: The number of positive events correlate with positive affect at .33 in people whereas, the average intensity of positive affect when subjects were feeling happy correlated with happiness at .25 (Schimmack, Diener Oishi 2002).Happiness correlate with a number of friends and the relationships with them (Diener Lucas, 1999).Peak experiences however have been found to be due to religion music or other intense activities. Thus, immense research has been done on the effects of music on physical as well as mental health which has shown promising results.